Semi-grant-free transmission strategy for satellite communications under imperfect channel conditions

Guo Yan; Lin Min; Kong Huaicong; Liu Xiaoyu; Yang Lvxi

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00396

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Semi-grant-free transmission strategy for satellite communications under imperfect channel conditions

Theory and Technology | 更新时间：2026-04-16

- Semi-grant-free transmission strategy for satellite communications under imperfect channel conditions
- Chinese Journal on Internet of Things Vol. 10, Issue 1, Pages: 226-236(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，江苏南京 210003
  2.南京邮电大学物联网学院，江苏南京 210003
  3.东南大学信息科学与工程学院，江苏南京 210096
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62471255);The Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China(25KJD510011);The Postgraduate Research and Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province(KYCX24_1178);Natural Science Research Start up Foundation of Recruiting Talents of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications(NY224068)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00396
  CLC： TN92
- Received：26 January 2024，
  
  Revised：2025-12-11，
  
  Published：30 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
郭焱,林敏,孔槐聪等.非完美信道条件下的卫星通信半免授权传输策略[J].物联网学报,2026,10(01):226-236.

Guo Yan,Lin Min,Kong Huaicong,et al.Semi-grant-free transmission strategy for satellite communications under imperfect channel conditions[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2026,10(01):226-236.
郭焱,林敏,孔槐聪等.非完美信道条件下的卫星通信半免授权传输策略[J].物联网学报,2026,10(01):226-236. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00396.

Guo Yan,Lin Min,Kong Huaicong,et al.Semi-grant-free transmission strategy for satellite communications under imperfect channel conditions[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2026,10(01):226-236. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00396.

摘要

为解决频谱资源紧张条件下卫星通信系统的多用户接入问题，提出了一种基于非正交多址接入（NOMA

non-orthogonal multiple access）技术的半免授权（SGF

semi-grant-free）传输策略。其中，作为免授权（GF

grant-free）用户的移动终端与作为授权（GB

grant-based）用户的地球站共同接入卫星网络。首先，为保障GB用户的服务质量，为其配备高增益定向天线，并在仅已知统计信道状态信息的条件下，GB用户计算可容忍的最大干扰阈值，由卫星广播给所有GF用户；满足该阈值条件的GF用户可基于NOMA技术与GB用户共享频谱资源。其次，GF用户配备平面阵列，针对其利用连续相位和离散相位波束成形的情况，提出了相应的低复杂度波束成形（BF

beamforming）方法。进一步地，在卫星信道服从阴影莱斯分布，并考虑接收端存在非完美连续干扰消除（SIC

successive interference cancellation）的条件下，推导出所提SGF传输策略下系统吞吐量的闭合表达式。最后，通过计算机仿真验证了理论分析的正确性和所提传输策略的优越性，并定量分析了非完美SIC、离散比特数、天线数等典型参数对系统性能的影响。结果表明，当相位离散比特数为3 bit时，系统性能接近采用连续相位BF时的水平。

Abstract

To address the multiple access issue in satellite communication systems under spectrum scarcity

a semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission strategy based on non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) was proposed. In this strategy

mobile terminals termed as grant-free (GF) users were equipped with a planar array

while the earth station termed as grant-based (GB) user was equipped with a high gain directional antenna

and they access the satellite network simultaneously. Firstly

to ensure the quality of service for GB users

the maximum tolerable interference threshold was calculated by the GB user under the condition of only known statistical channel state information (SCSI)

and was broadcasted by the satellite to all GF users. GF users who satisfy the threshold condition shared the same spectrum resource with the GB user by utilizing NOMA technology. Then

corresponding low complexity beamforming methods were proposed for GF users employing both continuous and discrete phase beamforming. Furthermore

under the assumption that the satellite channel follows a Shadowed-Rician distribution and accounts for imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) at the receiver

a closed-form expression for the system throughput under the proposed SGF transmission strategy was derived. Finally

computer simulations were conducted to validate the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the superiority of the proposed transmission strategy

while quantitative analyses were performed to evaluate the impact of typical parameters such as imperfect SIC

discrete bit count

and number of antennas on system performance.The results showed that when the phase discrete bit number was 3 bits

the system performance approached the level achieved with continuous phase BF.

关键词

Keywords

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