Research on low-latency transmission migration method for federated learning models in the Internet of vehicles

Wang Shuai; Yin Hongbo; Jiang Chi; Zhang Ke; Zhang Yin

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00525

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Research on low-latency transmission migration method for federated learning models in the Internet of vehicles

Smart Transportation and Intelligent Connectivity | 更新时间：2026-04-16

- Research on low-latency transmission migration method for federated learning models in the Internet of vehicles
- Chinese Journal on Internet of Things Vol. 10, Issue 1, Pages: 30-40(2026)
- 作者机构：
  
  1.电子科技大学（深圳）高等研究院，广东深圳 518110
  2.电子科技大学信息与通信工程学院，四川成都 611731
  3.广东省智能机器人研究院，广东东莞 523830
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  The Key Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2024B1111060001)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00525
  CLC： TN915.08
- Received：28 August 2025，
  
  Revised：2025-09-28，
  
  Accepted：20 October 2025，
  
  Published：30 March 2026
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王帅,尹宏博,江池等.车联网中联邦学习模型低时延传输迁移方法研究[J].物联网学报,2026,10(01):30-40.

Wang Shuai,Yin Hongbo,Jiang Chi,et al.Research on low-latency transmission migration method for federated learning models in the Internet of vehicles[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2026,10(01):30-40.
王帅,尹宏博,江池等.车联网中联邦学习模型低时延传输迁移方法研究[J].物联网学报,2026,10(01):30-40. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00525.

Wang Shuai,Yin Hongbo,Jiang Chi,et al.Research on low-latency transmission migration method for federated learning models in the Internet of vehicles[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2026,10(01):30-40. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2026.00525.

摘要

联邦学习因其分布式与隐私保护特性，在车联网数据安全领域中引起广泛关注。异步联邦学习机制能够更好地适应车辆算力网络状态的动态变化，在提升全局模型更新效率的同时，实现对本地隐私数据的有效保护。然而，恶意车辆在联邦学习训练中可能进行中毒攻击，上传恶意模型至全局模型，进而影响正常车辆的本地训练。在模型下发时，增加候选模型数量虽可提升规避恶意模型的概率，却会显著增加通信时延，影响系统性能。为了平衡安全性与时延，提出一种联邦学习模型传输迁移方法，对城市道路中移动车辆与路边单元（RSU

roadside unit）的交互过程以及模型下发安全性进行建模，通过强化学习优化车辆对RSU的传输迁移策略，在保证模型下发安全性的同时有效降低通信时延。仿真结果表明，该方法相较于基线方法平均传输时延降低了约7%，验证了其在安全性与通信时延方面的优势。

Abstract

Federated learning

due to its distributed and privacy-preserving characteristics

has attracted widespread attention in the field of data security in vehicular networks. The asynchronous federated learning mechanism can better adapt to the dynamic changes of vehicle computing power and network conditions

and at the same time improve the efficiency of global model updates and realize effective protection of local privacy data. However

the malicious vehicles in federated learning training may perform poisoning attacks by uploading malicious models to the global model

which in turn affects the local training of normal vehicles. During model dissemination

although increasing the number of candidate models can improve the probability of avoiding malicious models

it will significantly increase communication latency and affect system performance. To balance security and latency

a federated learning model transmission migration method was proposed. The interaction process between moving vehicles and roadside units (RSUs) on urban roads were modeled

as well as the security of model dissemination. Through reinforcement learning

the vehicle-to-RSU transmission migration strategy was optimized

ensuring the security of model dissemination while effectively reducing communication latency. Simulation results show that

compared with baseline methods

the proposed method reduces the average transmission latency by about 7%

which verifies its advantages in terms of security and communication latency.

关键词

Keywords

references

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