基于B5G/6G参考信号的通信感知一体化机制

孙春蕾; 卢祉伊; 刘旭卿; 丁佳伟; 张海君

doi:null

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于B5G/6G参考信号的通信感知一体化机制

更新时间：2026-02-09

- 基于B5G/6G参考信号的通信感知一体化机制
- Integrated Sensing and Communication Mechanism Based on B5G/6G Reference Signals
- 物联网学报 2026年页码：1-12
- 作者机构：
  
  1.北京科技大学信息与通信工程学院，北京海淀 100083
  2.北京市科学技术研究院，北京海淀 100094
- 作者简介：
  
  刘旭卿，liuxuqing@bjast.ac.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(62201032);北京市科学技术协会青年人才托举工程资助项目(BYESS2023306);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(FRF-TP-22-045A1)
- DOI：
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-12-10，
  
  修回：2025-12-30，
  
  录用：2026-01-13，
  
  网络首发：2026-02-09，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
孙春蕾,卢祉伊,刘旭卿等.基于B5G/6G参考信号的通信感知一体化机制[J].物联网学报,

SUN Chunlei,LU Zhiyi,LIU Xuqing,et al.Integrated Sensing and Communication Mechanism Based on B5G/6G Reference Signals[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,
孙春蕾,卢祉伊,刘旭卿等.基于B5G/6G参考信号的通信感知一体化机制[J].物联网学报, DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750..00549.

SUN Chunlei,LU Zhiyi,LIU Xuqing,et al.Integrated Sensing and Communication Mechanism Based on B5G/6G Reference Signals[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750..00549.

摘要

通信感知一体化（Integrated Sensing and Communication， ISAC）作为未来6G的关键技术之一，旨在赋予网络智能化感知能力，有效支撑智能交通、数字孪生等创新应用。然而，现有基于参考信号的ISAC方案受限于信号稀疏、信噪比低、以及梳状频谱引发的距离-速度模糊等问题，难以兼顾感知精度、覆盖范围与通信服务质量。本文聚焦基于B5G/6G参考信号的ISAC机制，针对现有系统中参考信号资源稀疏导致的感知覆盖与分辨率受限问题，提出多类信号融合与网络化协同的ISAC架构，在保障通信用户服务质量的前提下增强系统感知能力；在此基础上，面向低信噪比、小样本观测以及梳状频谱引发的距离-速度模糊等挑战，设计高精度、鲁棒的目标参数估计算法，有效提升通信系统感知性能。本文工作验证了基于参考信号实现高效ISAC的可行性，为6G通感融合系统提供了兼具工程实用性与理论价值的技术路径。

Abstract

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) is a key enabler for 6G

aiming to equip wireless networks with sensing capabilities to support applications

such as intelligent transportation and digital twins. However

the present reference signal (RS)-based ISAC mechanisms are unable to strike a balance among sensing accuracy

coverage

and communication quality of service (QoS). This paper investigates the ISAC schemes based on B5G/6G RSs.. Firstly

we propose a multi-signal fusion and cooperative architecture to overcome sparse signal placement and enhance sensing coverage and resolution without degrading communication quality. On this basis

we develop robust parameter estimation algorithms to address challenges including low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)

limited observation samples

and range-velocity ambiguity

significantly improving sensing performance. This demonstrates the feasibility of efficient RS-based ISAC strategies

providing a technically viable and theoretically sound approach for the integration of communication and sensing in 6G.

关键词

Keywords

references

WEI Z , QU H , WANG Y , et al . Integrated sensing and communication signals toward 5G-A and 6G: a survey [J ] . IEEE Internet of Things Journal , 2023 , 10 ( 13 ): 1 1068– 11092 .

ZHANG J A , LIU F , MASOUROS C , et al . An overview of signal processing techniques for joint communication and radar sensing [J ] . IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing , 2021 , 15 ( 6 ): 1295 – 1315 .

SUN C , ZHANG H , LIU X , et al . AoA estimation using sufficient statistic-based MUSIC algorithms for low SNR [J/OL ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , [ 2025-11-10 ] . DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2025.360461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVT.2025.360461 .

WEI Z , LI F , LIU H , et al . Multiple reference signals collaborative sensing for integrated sensing and communication system towards 5G-A and 6G [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2024 , 73 ( 10 ): 1 5185– 15199 .

3GPP. NR physical layer measurements: TS 38.215 [S ] . Valbonne: 3GPP, 2021 .

MA Y , YUAN Z , XIA S , et al . Energy-efficient integrated sensing and communication system with DNLFM waveform [C ] // 2024 IEEE 99th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2024-Spring) . Singapore, Singapore : IEEE , 2024 : 1 – 6 .

MA L , PAN C , WANG Q , et al . A downlink pilot based signal processing method for integrated sensing and communication towards 6G [C ] // 2022 IEEE 95th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2022-Spring) . Helsinki, Finland : IEEE , 2022 : 1 – 5 .

WEI Z , WANG Y , MA L , et al . 5G PRS-Based Sensing: A Sensing Reference Signal Approach for Joint Sensing and Communication System [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2023 , 72 ( 3 ): 3250 - 3263 .

KHOSROSHAH I K , SEHIER P , MEKKI S , et al . Localization accuracy improvement in multistatic ISAC with LoS/NLoS condition using 5G NR signals [C ] // 2025 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) . Milan, Italy : IEEE , 2025 : 1 – 6 .

JOPANYA P , OSORIO D P M . Utilizing 5G NR SSB blocks for passive detection and localization of low-altitude drones [C ] // 2025 IEEE 26th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC) . Surrey, United Kingdom : IEEE , 2025 : 1 – 5 .

ZHAO Q , TANG A , WANG X . Reference signal design and power optimization for energy-efficient 5G V2X integrated sensing and communications [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking , 2023 , 7 ( 1 ): 379 – 392 .

HSU H W , LEE M C , GU M X , et al . Analysis and design for pilot power allocation and placement in OFDM based integrated radar and communication in automobile systems [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2022 , 71 ( 2 ): 1519 – 1535 .

MU X , WANG Z , and LIU Y . NOMA for integrating sensing and communications towards 6G: A multiple access perspective [J ] . IEEE Wireless Communications , 2022 , 31 : 316 - 323 .

ZHANG C , YI W , LIU Y , et al . Semi-integrated-sensing-and- communication (Semi-ISAC): From OMA to NOMA [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Communications , 2023 , 71 ( 4 ): 1878 – 1893 .

WYPICH M , ZIELINSKI T P . OFDM-based passive radar using reference signals and user data [C ] // 2025 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf25) . Krakow, Poland : IEEE , 2025 : 847 – 852 .

ÖZBAY E , BISHOYI P K , PETROVA M . Empowering 5G PRS-based ISAC with compressed sensing [C ] // 2024 IEEE 25th International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC) . Lucca, Italy : IEEE , 2024 : 341 – 345 .

ZHANG R , TSAI S , CHOU T H , et al . OFDM reference signal pattern design criteria for integrated communication and sensing [J/OL ] . IEEE Internet of Things Journal , 2025 , 12 ( 6 ): 7389 – 7404 [ 2025-11-26 ] . DOI: 10.1109/JIOT.2024.3495562 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/JIOT.2024.3495562 .

GOLZADEH M , TIIROLA E , TALVITIE J , et al . Joint sensing and UE positioning in 5G-6G: PRS range estimation with suppressed ambiguity [C/OL ] // 2024 IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf24) . Orlando, FL, USA : IEEE , 2024 : 1 – 6 .

WEI Z , MEI D , WANG L , ZAN J , DONG Z , FENG Z . Coprime sensing reference signal design based on Zadoff-Chu sequence and index modulation for uplink ISAC system [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2025 , 74 ( 8 ): 1 - 15 .

CARLSON B D . Covariance matrix estimation errors and diagonal loading in adaptive arrays [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , 1988 , 24 ( 4 ): 397 – 401 .

CHEN Y , WIESEL A , ELDAR Y C , et al . Shrinkage algorithms for MMSE covariance estimation [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2010 , 58 ( 10 ): 5016 – 5028 .

GAO W , ZHANG Q , MA D , et al . Collaborative ISAC enabled multi-beam and power allocation scheme for differentiated QoS of sensing [C ] // 2024 IEEE/CIC International Conference on Communications in China (ICCC) . Hangzhou, China : IEEE , 2024 : 968 – 973 .

PAPAGEORGIOU G K , SELLATHURAI M , ELDAR Y C . Deep networks for direction-of-arrival estimation in low SNR [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2021 , 69 : 3714 – 3729 .

NIU Y , et al . Energy-efficient interference cancellation for coordinated multi-point ISAC systems [J/OL ] . IEEE Transactions on Green Communications and Networking , 2025 [ 2025-11-26 ] . DOI: 10.1109/TGCN.2025.3542851 http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TGCN.2025.3542851 .

LI B , WANG X , FANG F . Maximizing the value of service provisioning in multi-user ISAC systems through fairness guaranteed collaborative resource allocation [J ] . IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications , 2024 , 42 ( 9 ): 2243 – 2258 .

LI J , ZOU L , PANG C , et al . 2D angle estimation based on block spatial smoothing interpolation method [C ] // 2020 IEEE 6th International Conference on Computer and Communications (ICCC) . Chengdu, China : IEEE , 2020 : 1140 – 1145 .

SHAGHAGHI M , VOROBYOV S A . Subspace leakage analysis and improved DOA estimation with small sample size [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing , 2015 , 63 ( 12 ): 3251 – 3265

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

面向3GPP ISAC标准化的低空无人机场景路径损耗测量与建模

热轧板退火工艺对19Cr2Mo1W铁素体不锈钢织构与成形性能的影响

再热恢复处理对蠕变损伤定向凝固高温合金γ′相的影响

Ag/Ti₂AlC复合材料的电弧侵蚀及退化机理

共沉淀法制备镁基六铝酸镧粉体的性能研究