基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略

糜雨廷; 赵柏; 刘笑宇; 欧阳键; 林敏

doi:null

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略

理论与技术 | 更新时间：2026-03-03

- 基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略
- Load optimization strategy for low earth orbit satellite communication systems based on critical node analysis
- 物联网学报 2026年
- 作者机构：
  
  南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，江苏南京 210003
- 作者简介：
  
  林敏，linmin@njupt.edu.cn
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(62471255)
- DOI：
  中图分类号： TN927
- 收稿：2024-11-15，
  
  修回：2024-12-09，
  
  录用：2025-01-08，
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
糜雨廷, 赵柏, 刘笑宇, 等. 基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略[J/OL]. 物联网学报, 2026.

MI Yuting, ZHAO Bai, LIU Xiaoyu, et al. Load optimization strategy for low earth orbit satellite communication systems based on critical node analysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2026.
糜雨廷, 赵柏, 刘笑宇, 等. 基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略[J/OL]. 物联网学报, 2026. DOI：

MI Yuting, ZHAO Bai, LIU Xiaoyu, et al. Load optimization strategy for low earth orbit satellite communication systems based on critical node analysis[J/OL]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2026. DOI：

摘要

在低轨卫星网络中，受卫星轨道参数和地面站位置分布的影响，当遇到大规模交叉流量并行传输时，许多流量会同时经过关键节点导致链路拥塞，从而降低整个系统的性能甚至无法正常通信。针对这个问题，首先利用虚拟拓扑法将卫星轨迹的动态变化转化成一系列时序静态拓扑图。其次，结合节点的度属性与其邻边的边介数信息，从信息传输角度对每个时隙的卫星节点重要度进行评估，并进一步提出基于关键节点分析的低轨卫星通信系统负载优化策略，依据每个节点的重要度评估值对路径进行规划，缓解高负载下关键节点的传输压力，为处理低轨卫星网络中的节点拥塞问题提出了一个新思路。最后，在Hypatia平台的基础上对所提出的负载优化策略进行了仿真验证。结果表明，与常用的最短路径路由方法相比，所提出的负载优化策略能够在高负载情况下有效利用原本闲置的链路，并合理规避易拥塞的卫星节点，在提升系统吞吐量的同时降低信息传输的端到端时延。

Abstract

In low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks

the influence of satellite orbital parameters and the distribution of ground stations can lead to link congestion during large-scale

parallel cross-traffic transmissions

as many data flows simultaneously pass through critical nodes. This congestion may degrade overall system performance or even disrupt normal communication. To address this issue

a virtual topology approach is employed to convert the dynamic trajectory changes of satellites into a series of sequential static topology graphs. Next

each satellite node's importance in each time slot is assessed from the perspective of information transmission

using the node degree and the betweenness centrality of its neighboring edges. A load optimization strategy for LEO satellite communication systems is then proposed

based on critical node analysis. This strategy plans routes according to each node's importance assessment value

alleviating transmission pressure on critical nodes under high load conditions and providing a new approach for addressing node congestion in LEO satellite networks. Finally

the proposed load optimization strategy is validated through simulations on the Hypatia platform. The results indicate that

compared to the conventional shortest path routing method

the proposed strategy effectively utilizes previously idle links and reasonably avoids congestion-prone satellite nodes

enhancing system throughput while reducing end-to-end transmission delay.

关键词

Keywords

references

JI S J , D. ZHOU D , SHENG M , et al , Mega Satellite Constellation System Optimization: From a Network Control Structure Perspective [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2022 , 21 ( 2 ): 913 - 927 .

张更新 , 王运峰 , 丁晓进 , 等 . 卫星互联网若干关键技术研究 [J ] . 通信学报 , 2021 , 42 ( 8 ): 1 - 14 .

ZHANG G X , WANG Y F , DING X J , et al . Research on Some Key Technologies of Satellite Internet [J ] . Journal on Communications , 2021 , 42 ( 8 ): 1 - 14 .

白卫岗，盛敏，杜盼盼 . 6G卫星物联网移动性管理：挑战与关键技术 [J ] . 物联网学报 , 2020 , 4 ( 1 ): 104 - 110 .

BAI W G , SHENG M , DU P P . Mobility management of the 6G satellite IoT: challenges and key techniques [J ] . Chinese Journal on Internet of Things , 2020 , 4 ( 1 ): 104 - 110 .

林敏 , 李菲 , 王子宁 , 等 . 智能反射面辅助的太赫兹卫星通信鲁棒安全波束成形算法 [J ] . 电子学报 , 2023 , 51 ( 10 ): 2715 - 2723 .

LIN M , LI F , WANG Z N , et al . Robust Secure Beamforming Algorithm for IRS-Aided Terahertz Satellite Communication Systems [J ] . Acta Electronica Sinica , 2023 , 51 ( 10 ), 2715 - 2723 .

HAN C , LIU A J , HUO Y L , et al . A prediction-based resource matching scheme for rentable LEO satellite communication network [J ] . IEEE Communications Letters , 2020 , 24 ( 2 ): 414 - 417 .

XU J J , KISHK M A and ALOUINI M S , Space-Air-Ground-Sea Integrated Networks : Modeling and Coverage Analysis [J ] , IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications , 2023 , 22 ( 9 ): 6298 - 6313 .

AL-HRAISHAWI H , CHOUGRANI H , KISSELEFF S , et al . A survey on nongeostationary satellite systems: the communication perspective [J ] . IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials , 2023 , 25 ( 1 ): 101 - 132 .

HANDLEY M . Using ground relays for low-latency wide-area routing in megaconstellations [C ] // Proceedings of the 18th ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks . New York : ACM Press , 2019 : 125 - 132 .

田露 , 马冬青 , 孙剑伟等 . 高中低轨导航星座混合体制星间链路规划 [J ] . 中国空间科学技术 , 2022 , 42 ( 04 ): 19 - 26 .

TIAN L , MA D Q , SUN J W , et al . Inter-satellite link planning of high-middle-low orbit hybrid constellation [J ] . Chinese Space Science and Technology , 2022 , 42 ( 4 ): 19 - 26 .

陈全 , 杨磊 , 郭剑鸣等 . 低轨巨型星座网络：组网技术与研究现状 [J ] . 通信学报 , 2022 , 43 ( 05 ): 177 - 189 .

CHEN Q , YANG L , GUO J M , et al . LEO mega-constellation network: networking technologies and state of the art [J ] . Journal of Communications , 2022 , 43 ( 05 ): 177 - 189 .

Wang N , Liu L , Qin Z , et al . Capacity analysis of LEO mega-constellation networks [J ] . IEEE Access , 2022 , 10 : 18420 - 18433 .

王子宁 , 林敏 , 李菲等 . 卫星网络和高空平台网络频谱共存下的分布式鲁棒波束成形算法 [J ] . 通信学报 , 2023 , 44 ( 12 ): 39 - 49 .

WANG Z N , LIN M , LI F , et al . Distributed robust beamforming algorithm for spectral co-existence of satellite networks and high-altitude platform networks [J ] . Journal of Communications , 2023 , 44 ( 12 ) : 39 - 49 .

贾庆民 , 丁瑞 , 刘辉 , 等 . 算力网络研究进展综述 [J ] . 网络与信息安全学报 , 2021 , 7 ( 5 ): 1 - 12 .

JIA Q M , DING R , LIU H , et al . A Review of the Research Progress of Computing Network [J ] . Journal of Network and Information Security , 2021 , 7 ( 5 ): 1 - 12 .

Huang Y , Yang D , Feng B , et al . A GNN-enabled multipath routing algorithm for spatial-temporal varying LEO satellite networks [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology , 2023 , 73 ( 4 ): 5454 - 5468

Liu J , Luo R , Huang T , et al . A load balancing routing strategy for LEO satellite network [J ] . IEEE Access , 2020 , PP( 99 ): 1 - 1 .

Xu L , Tang F , Long C , et al . A state-aware and load-balanced routing model for LEO satellite networks [C ] . IEEE Global Communications Conference . IEEE , 2017 .

Liu Z , Li J , Wang Y , et al . HGL: A hybrid global-local load balancing routing scheme for the Internet of Things through satellite net-works [J ] . International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks , 2017 , 13 ( 3 ): 155014771769258 .

LIU J H , ZHAO B K , XIN Q , et al . DRL-ER: An intelligent energy-aware routing protocol with guaranteed delay bounds in satellite mega-constellations [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering , 2021 , 8 ( 4 ): 2872 - 2884 .

戴翠琴 , 秦杰鹏 , 许涛等 . 基于QoS保障的低轨卫星星座设计 [J ] . 中国空间科学技术 , 2023 , 43 ( 03 ): 105 - 115 .

DAI C Q , QIN J P , XU T , et al . LEO satellite constellation design based on QoS [J ] . Chinese Space Science and Technology , 2023 , 43 ( 3 ): 105 - 115 .

GHANEM M , MAGNIEN C , TARISSAN F . Centrality metrics in dynamic networks: A comparison study [J ] . IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering , 2019 , 6 ( 4 ): 940 - 951 .

张昕 , 郭阳 . 复杂网络中的一种介度熵抗毁性度量方法 [J ] . 计算机工程与应用 , 2020 , 56 ( 12 ): 105 - 111 .

ZHANG X , GUO Y . A method for measuring mesoscopic entropy resilience in complex networks [J ] . Computer Engineering and Applications , 2019 , 56 ( 12 ): 105 - 111 .

蒋成洋 , 张瀚阅 , 孔槐聪 , 等 . 融合功能特征和拓扑结构的卫星物联网关键节点分析 [J/OL ] . 物联网学报 , 1 - 12 . http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/10.1491.tp.20240925.1751.002.html http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/10.1491.tp.20240925.1751.002.html .

JIANG C Y , ZHANG H Y , KONG H C , et al . Analysis of key nodes fusing functional characteristics and topology in satellite internet of things networks [J ] . Chinese Journal on Internet of Things , 1 - 12 .

蒋世洪 . 城市公共交通网络关键节点识别研究 [D ] . 西南大学 , 2022 .

JIANG S H . Research on identification of key nodes of urban public transport network [D ] . Southwest University , 2022 .

郭晓成 , 马润年 , 王刚 . 复杂网络中节点重要性综合评价方法研究. 计算机仿真 [J ] , 2017 , 34 ( 07 ): 264 - 268 .

GUO X C , MA R N , WANG G . Research on comprehensive evaluation method of node importance in complex network [J ] . Computer Simulation , 2017 , 34 ( 07 ): 264 - 268 .

朱林 , 方胜良 , 胡卿等 . 卫星时变拓扑网络节点重要度评估方法 [J ] . 系统工程与电子技术 , 2017 , 39 ( 06 ): 1274 - 1279 .

ZHU L , FANG S L , HU Q , et al . Evaluation method of node importance in satellite time-varying topological networks [J ] . Systems Engineering and Electronics , 2017 , 39 ( 06 ): 1274 - 1279 .

倪少杰 , 岳洋 , 左勇等 . 卫星网络路由技术现状及展望 [J ] . 电子与信息学报 , 2023 , 45 ( 02 ): 383 - 395 .

NI S J , YUE Y , ZUO Y , et al . Current situation and prospect of satellite network routing technology [J ] . Journal of Electronics and Information Technology , 2023 , 45 ( 02 ): 383 - 395 .

李国栋 , 赵忠文 , 石成豪 . 基于复杂网络的天基信息网节点重要性评价综述 [J ] . 兵工自动化 , 2023 , 42 ( 02 ): 70 - 74+82 .

LI G D , ZHAO Z W , SHI C H . A review of node importance evaluation of space-based information networks based on complex networks [J ] . Ordnance Industry Automation , 2019 , 42 ( 02 ): 70 - 74+82 .

杨剑楠 , 刘建国 , 郭强 . 基于层间相似性的时序网络节点重要性研究 [J ] . 物理学报 , 2018 , 67 ( 04 ): 279 - 286 .

YANG J N , LIU J G , GUO Q . Research on node importance of temporal network based on interlayer similarity [J ] . Acta Physica Sinica , 2018 , 67 ( 04 ): 279 - 286 .

胡钢 , 许丽鹏 , 徐翔 . 基于时序网络层间同构率动态演化的重要节点辨识 [J ] . 物理学报 , 2021 , 70 ( 10 ): 355 - 366 .

HU G , XU L P , XU X . Identification of important nodes based on dynamic evolution of isomorphism rate between layers in temporal networks [J ] . Acta Physica Sinica , 2019 , 70 ( 10 ): 355 - 366 .

JIA M , ZHU S Y , WANG L F , et al . Routing algorithm with virtual topology toward to huge numbers of LEO mobile satellite network based on SDN [J ] . Mobile Networks and Applications , 2018 , 23 ( 2 ): 285 - 300 .

Osoro O B , Oughton E J . A techno-economic framework for satellite networks applied to low earth orbit constellations: Assessing Starlink, OneWeb and Kuiper [J ] . IEEE Access , 2021 , 9 : 141611 - 141625 .

Bhattacherjee D , Singla A . Network topology design at 27,000 km/hour [C ] // Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Emerging Networking Experiments And Technologies . 2019 : 341 - 354 .

Mclaughlin J , Choi J , Durairajan R . × Grid: A Location-oriented Topology Design for LEO Satellites [C ] // Proceedings of the 1st ACM Workshop on LEO Networking and Communication . 2023 : 37 - 42 .

KASSING S , BHATTACHERJEE D , ÁGUAS A B , et al . Exploring the "Internet from space" with Hypatia [C ] . // Proceedings of the ACM Internet Measurement conference . 2020 : 214 - 229 .

浏览量

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于全局—局部属性的复杂网络节点综合影响力评估算法

电弧复合磁控溅射结合热退火制备Ti₂AlC涂层

低温回火对超大形变冷拔珠光体钢丝显微组织和力学性能的影响

Mn含量对Fe-Cu-Mn合金纳米富Cu析出相影响的相场法研究

镍基单晶高温合金叶片模拟件平台处的枝晶生长和取向演化