面向工业物联网的时延感知半同步联邦学习客户端资源联合调度方案

王晔; 施颖; 夏天乐; 刘淼; 杨洁; 赵海涛

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2025.00496

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面向工业物联网的时延感知半同步联邦学习客户端资源联合调度方案

理论与技术 | 更新时间：2026-01-04

- 面向工业物联网的时延感知半同步联邦学习客户端资源联合调度方案
- Latency-aware semi-synchronous federated learning client resource co-scheduling scheme for IIoT
- 物联网学报 2025年9卷第4期页码：194-205
- 作者机构：
  
  1.江苏移动信息系统集成有限公司，江苏南京 210003
  2.南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，江苏南京 210003
  3.南京邮电大学物联网学院，江苏南京 210003
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王晔（1987‒ ），男，博士，江苏移动信息系统集成有限公司高级工程师，主要研究方向为智能网联、移动通信技术。" ]
  [ "施颖（2000‒ ），女，南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为联邦学习、资源调度。" ]
  [ "夏天乐（2002‒ ），男，南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院硕士生，主要研究方向为群智协同、联邦学习。" ]
  [ "刘淼（1988‒ ），男，博士，南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院讲师、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为泛在无线通信与物联网、电信技术。" ]
  [ "杨洁（1980‒ ），女，博士，南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院副教授，主要研究方向为移动通信技术、电信技术。" ]
  [ "赵海涛（1983‒ ），男，博士，南京邮电大学物联网学院教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为泛在无线通信与物联网、移动通信技术。" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  江苏省前沿引领技术基础研究专项前沿项目(BK20202001)
- DOI：10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2025.00496
  中图分类号：
- 收稿：2025-03-28，
  
  修回：2025-06-10，
  
  纸质出版：2025-12-10
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王晔,施颖,夏天乐等.面向工业物联网的时延感知半同步联邦学习客户端资源联合调度方案[J].物联网学报,2025,09(04):194-205.

WANG Ye,SHI Ying,XIA Tianle,et al.Latency-aware semi-synchronous federated learning client resource co-scheduling scheme for IIoT[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2025,09(04):194-205.
王晔,施颖,夏天乐等.面向工业物联网的时延感知半同步联邦学习客户端资源联合调度方案[J].物联网学报,2025,09(04):194-205. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2025.00496.

WANG Ye,SHI Ying,XIA Tianle,et al.Latency-aware semi-synchronous federated learning client resource co-scheduling scheme for IIoT[J].Chinese Journal on Internet of Things,2025,09(04):194-205. DOI： 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2025.00496.

摘要

联邦学习作为一种灵活且可扩展的分布式机器学习方法，在工业物联网（IIoT

industrial Internet of things）中得到了广泛应用，在保护数据隐私的同时，实现低时延、低通信开销和高精度的模型训练。然而，由于工业物联网中边缘设备的计算能力和通信能力的异构性，传统同步联邦学习面临“落后者效应”，即服务器需要等待所有客户端完成本地模型参数上传，显著降低训练效率，难以满足工业物联网对低时延服务的需求。为了解决这一问题并降低设备异构性带来的训练时延，提出了一种基于半同步机制的异构工业联邦学习框架，并在此基础上设计了一种基于训练时延效益评分的客户端选择方案，以提升训练效率。此外，为了提高网络频谱资源的利用率，基于全局训练时延均衡的数学关系，提出了一种自适应设备数量的带宽分配机制，优化被选客户端的模型上传策略。大量仿真结果表明，与基于加权平均的联邦学习（FedAvg

federated averaging）和结合客户端选择的联邦学习（FedCS

federated learning with client selection）等基准方案相比，所提方法在模型准确度、系统时延及频谱利用率等方面均具有显著优势。

Abstract

Federated learning (FL)

as a flexible and scalable distributed machine learning approach

has been widely applied in the industrial Internet of things (IIoT) to achieve low-latency

low communication overhead

and high-accuracy model training while preserving data privacy. However

due to the heterogeneity in computing and communication capabilities among edge devices in IIoT

traditional synchronous FL suffers from the "straggler effect"

where the server must wait for all clients to upload their local model parameters

significantly reducing training efficiency and making it difficult to meet the low-latency service requirements of IIoT. To address this issue and mitigate the training delay caused by device heterogeneity

a semi-synchronous heterogeneous industrial FL framework was proposed. Based on this framework

a client selection scheme was designed

leveraging training latency efficiency scores to enhance training efficiency. Furthermore

to improve network spectrum utilization

an adaptive bandwidth allocation mechanism based on a mathematical relationship was proposed that ensured equal global training latency per round

optimizing the model upload strategy of selected clients. Extensive simulation results demonstrate that

compared with benchmark schemes such as FedAvg and FedCS

the proposed approach achieves significant advantages in model accuracy

system latency

and spectrum efficiency.

关键词

Keywords

references

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